Protocol

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Stop-and-wait ARQ, also referred to as alternating bit protocol, is a method in telecommunications to send information between two connected devices. It ensures that information is not lost due to dropped packets and that packets are received in the correct order. It is the simplest automatic repeat-request (ARQ) mechanism. A stop-and-wait ARQ sender sends one frame at a time; it is a special case of the general sliding window protocol with transmit and receive window sizes equal to one and greater than one respectively.

After sending each frame, the sender doesn't send any further frames until it receives an acknowledgement (ACK) signal. After receiving a valid frame, the receiver sends an ACK. If the ACK does not reach the sender before a certain time, known as the timeout, the sender sends the same frame again. The timeout countdown is reset after each frame transmission. The above behavior is a basic example of Stop-and-Wait. However, real-life implementations vary to address certain issues of design.his program on STOP and WAIT ARQ Protocol in UDP in C Programming Language.There are 2 files:1.

Control

Client.c: This file sends Data Frame to the Server and waits for the Acknowledgement.2.

. The next frame is sent by sender only when acknowledgment of previous frame is received. This process of sending a frame & waiting for an acknowledgment continues as long as the sender has data to send. To end up the transmission sender transmits end of transmission (EOT) frame. The main advantage of stop & wait s is its accuracy. Next frame is transmitted only when the first frame is acknowledged. So there is no chance of frame being lost.

The main disadvantage of this method is that it is inefficient. It makes the transmission process slow. In this method single frame travels from source to destination and single acknowledgment travels from destination to source.

As a result each frame sent and received uses the entire time needed to traverse the link. Porezna uprava fbih. Moreover, if two devices are distance apart, a lot of time is wasted waiting for ACKs that leads to increase in total transmission time.